Analysis of Reactive Power Regulation Issues in Wind Farms and Development of Modulation and Control Schemes for MMC-Based STATCOMs

The paper presents an analysis of reactive power regulation issues in wind farms operating under weak‑grid conditions, as required by the Mexican Grid Code. Data‑driven simulations using real measurements demonstrate that, although the wind farm generates significant reactive power oscillations, the major voltage disturbance originates from an external grid event rather than from the plant itself. The study shows that appropriate tuning of the wind farm control system can effectively mitigate voltage oscillations, whereas improper tuning may exacerbate system instability and lead to non‑compliance with regulatory requirements. To address these challenges, the work develops and validates detailed modulation and control schemes for MMC‑based STATCOMs, including automated submodule generation and advanced reactive power control. Simulation results confirm their ability to provide dynamic compensation and support regulatory compliance, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating STATCOMs in renewable‑rich weak‑grid environments. - Iñaki Alarcón Ruiz, Fernando Isidoro Quiroz Vázquez & Juan Alejandro González Rivera (E-KEME)